Glucose Kinetics
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Glucose Kinetics

Bergman BC, Butterfield GE, Wolfel EE, Lopaschuk GD, Casazza GA, Horning MA, Brooks GA. Muscle net glucose uptake and glucose kinetics after endurance training in men. Am J Physiol. 1999 Jul;277(1 Pt 1):E81-92.

Borghouts LB, Keizer HA. Exercise and insulin sensitivity: a review. Int J Sports Med. 2000 Jan;21(1):1-12.

Brooks GA. Importance of the 'crossover' concept in exercise metabolism. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1997 Nov;24(11):889-95.

Derave W, Lund S, Holman GD, Wojtaszewski J, Pedersen O, Richter EA. Contraction-stimulated muscle glucose transport and GLUT-4 surface content are dependent on glycogen content. Am J Physiol. 1999 Dec;277(6 Pt 1):E1103-10.

Horowitz JF, Mora-Rodriguez R, Byerley LO, Coyle EF. Substrate metabolism when subjects are fed carbohydrate during exercise. Am J Physiol. 1999 May;276(5 Pt 1):E828-35.

Jeukendrup AE, Raben A, Gijsen A, Stegen JH, Brouns F, Saris WH, Wagenmakers AJ. Glucose kinetics during prolonged exercise in highly trained human subjects: effect of glucose ingestion. J Physiol. 1999 Mar 1;515 ( Pt 2):579-89.

Jeukendrup AE, Wagenmakers AJ, Stegen JH, Gijsen AP, Brouns F, Saris WH. Carbohydrate ingestion can completely suppress endogenous glucose production during exercise. Am J Physiol. 1999 Apr;276(4 Pt 1):E672-83.

Kraniou Y, Cameron-Smith D, Misso M, Collier G, Hargreaves M. Effects of exercise on GLUT-4 and glycogenin gene expression in human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol. 2000 Feb;88(2):794-6.

Phillips SM, Green HJ, Tarnopolsky MA, Heigenhauser GJF, Hill RE, Grant SM. Effects of training duration on substrate turnover and oxidation during exercise. J Appl Physiol 1996 81(5):2182-2191.

Sidossis LS. The role of glucose in the regulation of substrate interaction during exercise. Can J Appl Physiol. 1998 Dec;23(6):558-69.

GLUT4 Transporters and Insulin Sensitivity

Borghouts LB, Keizer HA. Exercise and insulin sensitivity: a review. Int J Sports Med. 2000 Jan;21(1):1-12.

Kennedy JW, Hirshman MF, Gervino EV, Ocel JV, Forse RA, Hoenig SJ, Aronson D, Goodyear LJ, Horton ES. Acute exercise induces GLUT4 translocation in skeletal muscle of normal human subjects and subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 1999 May;48(5):1192-7.

Kuo CH, Browning KS, Ivy JL. Regulation of GLUT4 protein expression and glycogen storage after prolonged exercise. Acta Physiol Scand. 1999 Feb;165(2):193-201.

Holloszy JO, Kohrt WM, Hansen PA. The regulation of carbohydrate and fat metabolism during and after exercise. Front Biosci. 1998 Sep 15;3:D1011-27.

Goodyear LJ, Kahn BB. Exercise, glucose transport, and insulin sensitivity. Annu Rev Med. 1998;49:235-61.

Coderre L, Kandror KV, Vallega G, Pilch PF. Identification and characterization of an exercise-sensitive pool of glucose transporters in skeletal muscle. J Biol Chem. 1995 Nov 17;270(46):27584-8.

Asp S, Daugaard JR, Richter EA. Eccentric exercise decreases glucose transporter GLUT4 protein in human skeletal muscle. J Physiol. 1995 Feb 1;482 ( Pt 3):705-12.

Andersen PH, Lund S, Schmitz O, Junker S, Kahn BB, Pedersen O. Increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in athletes: the importance of GLUT4 mRNA, GLUT4 protein and fibre type composition of skeletal muscle. Acta Physiol Scand. 1993 Dec;149(4):393-404.

Cutler DL, Gray CG, Park SW, Hickman MG, Bell JM, Kolterman OG. Low-carbohydrate diet alters intracellular glucose metabolism but not overall glucose disposal in exercise-trained subjects. Metabolism. 1995 Oct;44(10):1264-70.

Oshida Y, Yamanouchi K, Hayamizu S, Sato Y. Long-term mild jogging increases insulin action despite no influence on body mass index or VO2 max. J Appl Physiol. 1989 May;66(5):2206-10.

Albright A, Franz M, Hornsby G, Kriska A, Marrero D, Ullrich I, Verity LS. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and type 2 diabetes. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000 Jul;32(7):1345-60.

Houmard JA, Cox JH, MacLean PS, Barakat HA. Effect of short-term exercise training on leptin and insulin action. Metabolism. 2000 Jul;49(7):858-61.

Wojtaszewski JF, Hansen BF, Gade, Kiens B, Markuns JF, Goodyear LJ, Richter EA. Insulin signaling and insulin sensitivity after exercise in human skeletal muscle. Diabetes. 2000 Mar;49(3):325-31.

Sakamoto M, Higaki Y, Nishida Y, Kiyonaga A, Shindo M, Tokuyama K, Tanaka H. Influence of mild exercise at the lactate threshold on glucose effectiveness. J Appl Physiol. 1999 Dec;87(6):2305-10.

Borghouts LB, Backx K, Mensink MF, Keizer HA. Effect of training intensity on insulin sensitivity as evaluated by insulin tolerance test. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1999 Oct;80(5):461-6.

Ruderman NB, Saha AK, Vavvas D, Witters LA. Malonyl-CoA, fuel sensing, and insulin resistance. Am J Physiol. 1999 Jan;276(1 Pt 1):E1-E18.

Ruderman NB, Saha AK, Vavvas D, Kurowski T, Laybutt DR, Schmitz-Peiffer C, Biden T, Kraegen EW. Malonyl CoA as a metabolic switch and a regulator of insulin sensitivity. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1998;441:263-70.

Fujitani J, Higaki Y, Kagawa T, Sakamoto M, Kiyonaga A, Shindo M, Taniguchi A, Nakai Y, Tokuyama K, Tanaka H. Intravenous glucose tolerance test-derived glucose effectiveness in strength-trained humans. Metabolism. 1998 Jul;47(7):874-7.